Quadrivalent versus Trivalent Influenza Vaccines

Both quadrivalent and trivalent influenza vaccines, recommended by WHO, protect against seasonal influenza. Country-level decision-makers should consider vaccination coverage goals, program capacity, and resource availability when purchasing vaccines. Both types of vaccines are safe and effective. The protection provided by trivalent and quadrivalent vaccines is expected to be similar since influenza B/Yamagata hasn’t been globally detected since March 2020. WHO advises excluding the B/Yamagata component from influenza vaccines for the 2024-2025 season in both hemispheres, a recommendation echoed by the U.S. FDA. Limited supply of trivalent vaccines is anticipated for the upcoming Northern Hemisphere influenza season. Country regulations and licensed vaccines should be reviewed.

PIVI’S RECOMMENDATION

PIVI advises against switching from trivalent to quadrivalent vaccines for countries already purchasing the former. For those deliberating between the two or currently procuring quadrivalent vaccines, PIVI suggests opting for trivalent vaccines if they are obtainable. Given the expected scarcity of trivalent vaccines in 2024 and the comparable protection offered by both types, either vaccine is deemed appropriate for national vaccination programs. The decision should hinge on vaccine availability within each country’s specific circumstances.